Considering both non-line-of-sight (NLoS) and line-of-sight (LoS)transmissions, the transitional behaviors from noise-limited regime to denseinterference-limited regime have been investigated for the fifth generation(5G) small cell networks (SCNs). Besides, we identify four performance regimesbased on base station (BS) density, i.e., (i) the noise-limited regime, (ii)the signal-dominated regime, (iii) the interference-dominated regime, and (iv)the interference-limited regime. To characterize the performance regime, wepropose a unified framework analyzing the future 5G wireless networks overgeneralized shadowing/fading channels, in which the user association schemesbased on the strongest instantaneous received power (SIRP) and the strongestaverage received power (SARP) can be studied, while NLoS/LoS transmissions andmulti-slop path loss model are considered. Simulation results indicate thatdifferent factors, i.e., noise, desired signal, and interference, successivelyand separately dominate the network performance with the increase of BSdensity. Hence, our results shed new light on the design and management of SCNsin urban and rural areas with different BS deployment densities.
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